Preparing of metal plates for welding



w May a, 1924.

L. s. LACHMAN ET m. PREPARING or METAL PLATES FOR wzwim Filed Feb. m.1922 ATTORNEYS,

UNITED i'sTATss ENT Q nannnnon s.-

nannies acnmnn, am) nnwAnn roam, or NEW YORK, N. Y., assroxons TUNIVERSAL nnnc'rnrc wnnome oomramr, or LONG Ismnn om, m'zw YORK, aoonrona'rron or new YORK.

rnnranrne or marar. rnarns ron WELDINQ;

' Application filed February 18, 1922.- Serial in. 537,423

To all whom it may concern:--

Beit known that we, LAURENCE S1- Lannnan, MAURICE'LACHMAN, MICIYEDWARDFur.- na, citizens of the United States and resii dents of New York,inthe county of New York and State of New York, have invented certainnew and, useful Improvements in Preparing of Metal Plates for \Velding,of-

:which the following is av specification. .Our invention relates to themanner of preparing the material for spot welded metal work whereinplates or pieces of metal are fastened face to face by a spot weld orwelds on their opposed surfaces.

The object of theinvention is to cheapen and facilitate the constructionof this class ofwork and'particularly iron or steel constructioniwhereinplates or shapes are fas-, toned to one another or to a tieing or inter-'mediate member as for instance in the conthef'strengthening of anglesby 'gussets or in other metal constructions.-

It has here'toforebeen proposed to prepare, metal, --platw or pieces forspot weldmg b deforming the plate itself to produce a we g' projectionas for instance by means re tool which indents one surface as? out. theopposite surface into a' and push protuberance which receives theheating current and pressure when the work is placed between the weldingdies. When the projection is formedin this manner the depressionopposite the. projection permits the metal of 3- the projection torecede under the heat and ressure so that the fullest welding pressureesirable articularly in heavy work cannot be applied before the. twosurfaces come to gether. ,It also has been proposed to em I 40ploywelding pieces or -buttons applied be- "ftwegn the pieces or attheir back to localize the; heating current and pressure .but thismethod-is objectionable" because it requires special attention toproperly .placing said welding piece in the desired position of thewelded spot and also because the but 11, whenspla'ced between the weldedmembers, tends to keep them apart by the upset or vdisplaced metal ofthe button or piece remainan gafterfthe weld is made. i

so applied. v

It is to be understood, however, thatthe of them 0 Lour presentinventionlthe surface of the metal is swaged np'in'to one or morewelding projections of any desired number and location risingvslightlyat their highest portion above-the plane surface of the metal and so asto form a surroundmg depression into which the metal may be forced backin the welding operation-- so as not to interferewith the bringing ofthe surfices into full contact. Moreover the solid projection orprotuberance thus formed takes up the full welding pressure and producesa good uniform spot weld while, fur

ther, the inconvenience in locating the separate welding pieces orbuttons is avoided.

ur invention is particularly useful when it is desired to spot weld'aplate on its oipov site faces respectively to the faces of an tween twoother. plates or pieces. In thiscase two projections may besimultaneously swaged in the two faces respectively of the integn ediateplate and in hne'with one another, thus insuring the production ofaligned spot welds by simpl assemb the threle members'between thewelding and -PP F the usuzfi manner.

heatingcin-m t i and pressure in. :5

Inasmuch 'as the invention 'is particularly useful in the production ofgirders, columns or other metal constructions or articles comprisingthree members superposed and havmg the two outer members spot welded by'their faces against the two faces-of the intermediate member, theinvention will, for" for the sake-er illustration, be described sinvention may be employed to benefit in the case of composite metal workhaving two members fastened togetherface to face by a spot weld, inwhich instance it is necessary to swage n a projection on one face ofone y or to use but one of the double projections in the weld itself.

. In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation and I ig. 2 is across-section of a plate foruse as the web or flat of a column or girder or with.

Ito

. dies suc shape corresponding to the form of the swaging die, thusroducing at an imper and deplresslons or grooves at the ich metal hasbeen displace b the.

Fig. 5 is a cross-section through the plate or bar in line with thewelding projections with projections 2 which, according to my presentinvention, are simply made by swaging or forgin up the surface of themetal of said late hy means of swag'ing tools or 'as illustrated inFig.16 which, afterthe well known method of swaging,

cause .the metal to flow and to assume a forate portion of t 0 metalplate the pro jections displaced at. their highest ortlons slightlyabove the'general plane oft e plate rtions from w pressure, whichdepressions surroun the projections as indicated. These prejections formthe welding projectionsfor e welding operation and receive the heatingcurrent and pressure from the welding dies .as will be wellunderstood-by those skilled;

in the art of spot welding metal, plates. 'By using two swagingdies asshown, applied at the same time and in line withone another, twoprojections on the opgositeiaces' are readily produced at once ananalignment of them insured. 3

While we have shown a air .of tools or dies aligned with one anot er asa means for swagingthe metal into the said tprojec tions andsurroundinggrooves or epressions, it is obvious that they might be" formed in otherways and even'might' be,

. formed in the mill in the process of producin the 'metal plate 1. 1

e formation of the projections completes the for the spot we ding oration, it not be' of members 3 in an necessary to pre are way, theybeing eft imperforate withja umassembled between the welding are of anyusual or proper construction for I projections.

form plane or flat surface where they are intended to engage theprojections of the plate or-member ;1.

Fig. 7 shows the work thus repared as 'es 4 which ap'lying heatingcurrent and pressure to weld the parts to ther'in line with the On t 'eapplicationof heavy eatin current and pressure b means of the we dingdies the three mem rs become welded together in a homogeneous weldedjoint between their-meeting surfaces throughof which arelsecured resreparation ofthe material.

bot saidpieces'mi the the heating and softening of the. weldingprojections to weldin 'temperature.

In this operation t e projections receive and localize the current andoppose effective resistance to the pressure applied by the dies, thusinsuring the production of a good spot'weld. As the pressure andmovement of the welding dies is continued the metal of the projectlonsheated and displaced by the pressure and which has been thrown up intothe projection by the swaging opera-" tion is displaced and received inthe annular cavity formed around it by the swaging action so that thethree members may be brought into firm contact with one another insteadof being kept apart by any of the displaced metal of the spot weld. Intheactual o ration the displaced metal may likewise become welded to theface of the member ormembers 3, the extent of the welded unionbeingtherefore not limited to the extent of; the initial contact surfaceofthe projection.

. The invention not only permits flat plates or other metal pieces to bereadily spot welded owing to the ease with which the metal may beprepared for the operation followed by merely assembling the partsbetween the welding dies, but-'it also isof particular value in theproduc'tion of flanged metal girders, columns androther metalconstructions since'the union "or unionsareof great. strength inthemselves and far superior to'riveted constructions in life owing tothe absence of play or 'clearance between the rivet and the walls of theperforation :receiving it.

Furthermore there is nojweakening of the structure owin'gto thenecessity of perforating thev members which is present in rivetedconstructions.

Although the invention is particularly useful in the production ofstructural shapes or structures comprising threememberstwo pectively toopposite faces .ofanimterm6d1ate member, it is capable Of'liS also wheretwo members are employed and secured together face 'to face by a;.twclda f I 1-" e it is generally desirabIe'E-to-form the projectionorprotuberance u n one onl of the plates or. ie'ces it is obvious thatthe tprojections plaeed in contact, with one ano or for the weldingerablyhowever, the pro ection is formed on one o the pieces onl thusavoiding so prepared and operation. Profsnecessity of e'firojectiona'This advantage .is a especia y one plate or piece is to be spot weldedby when both faces to the faces of two plates o pieces enclosing it.

What we claim as our invention 1s:--

1. The herein described method of prepar- I ing the metal for the spotwelding of two plates face to face consisting in swagm thesurfacemetal'on both faces of one said members at an imperforate partthereof into a pair of heat and pressure localizing projections in linewith one another each surrounded by .a depression and extending the weldwhen the two mem together face to face and subjected to presoppositefaces of the mterm we at its highest point above the said surface. 2.The herein described method of proper ing metal for the spotwelding oftwo plates 9f metal together" face. to ce consisting 1n providing'animperfdrate portion of one rs are placed sure and heating by theelectric resistance method. l

3. The herein described method of repar-;, j a' metal plate for the spotwel ing of by its two opposite faces respec.-

tively to two plates or members. enclosing alxlid efngaging saidintermediate. platJ'lgy t eir aces, consistin 'in awe g upon to g edit,plate two ding projections in line with one another each of whichprojects slightly ondthe face of the plate and is surroun ed by agrooveor depression formed the swaging operation.-

- of byits two faces resdpectively to two other surface'thereof.

. 4 5. The herein described method of preparv. gr depression 4. Theherein described method'ef-preparing a nietal plate for the spotweldingthere plates on opposite si in forming upon the opposite surfacesof the .intermediateeplate two current and pressure.

localizing w ding projections line with one another and integral withand pro ecting slightly abov the general plane of the inga metal plate.forthespot welding. thereof by its'two faces ctively totwo other plateson to" posite sides thereofby the application'fo plane surface vweldingdies -of greater in surface'area than the weld,

in onm' upon the opposite surfaces ofthe" term 'ate plate two pressureand-current welding projections in line with one anot e and projectingslight! above the general plane ofthe surface t ereof. each of saidprojections bein surrounded by a groove ow the plane of the sur- 6.- Theherein described-method of manucturing composite metal work havlng two'bars or plates welded by their faces to the posite surfaces of anintermediate bar or pliite consisting. in providing said intermediatebar with a pair of current and presprojection and welding integral to bereceived in said depression by the'a r and mtegral with d sure.localizing welding pmjections on opposite surfaces thereof respectiveland im tegral with and in alignment wit oneranother, assembling thethree bars or, plates between a pair of weldingdies each having aworking surface area adaptedto engage an extended surface area on thebaok of the exterior lates larger than the area, of the intermediateplate occupiedby. the gether at said projections b the-application ofwelding current and pressure ,applied-through said'dies.

7. The herein described method of manufacturing flanged columns, girdersor other metal. structure consistin in providing;

fiat with a pair of cun ent and pressure localizing projections onitso'ppo'site surfaces respectively and integral with. and in alignmentwith one another, assembling the same with a pair of angle barsembracing it between a pair of electric welding dies each having aworking-faceadajp'te'djt'o.en.-

the three platestogage the plane surfaceon the back-ofgtlie I angle barby an area greater thanthat" of the welding projections on the ascendwith. -an 'arm of an angle barjinterposedgbe tween each surface of theflat and one; of the pair-of welding dies and welding-the angle. bars.to the flatby the fiiplication ofcurrent and pressure appli "'thrdu'gh.said flat-faced'we din dies. "51-'- Q 8..1he herein descn dmethod ofpreparing metal work for electrically weldlngtwo .metal members to theopposite surfacesffof, p anintermediate member,'consistin in"pro-.thereof, consisting" viding the intermediate member with a air;

of pressure and current localizing wer ing; projections on its oppositefaces respectively. in alignment with one another and each'surrounded bya cavioi-depression, and then assembling thesai between-a pair. ofcurrentsuppging. ressure dies each hav ing an exten 'wor engage the backof-th'e exterior metal member over a surface area greater'than that.

gvface adapted. to

occupied by the welding projections on the op site faces-of theintermediate memberv and welding the three members together and causingthe displaced metal of vthemetal plicationof current an pressureby-said' inner faces to opposite faces respectively of I I them togetherat said projections by the ap' I plication' of current and pressureapplied over comparatively extended, surface areas on the back of thetwo exterior pieces.

10. The herein described method of manufacturing composite'metalworkL-in which two pieces of metal are secured to opposite facesrespectively of an intermediate piece, consisting in simultaneouslyswaging or forging upon the intermediate piece two current and ressurelocalizing we ding projections in a ignment with one another upon itsopposite surfaces respectivel and each having a surrounding cavity, anthenweldin t thg application of current and (pressure applied overcomparatively exten the back of the two exterior pieces.

11. The herein described method of' reparing a metal plate for the spotwel ing of its surface to the plane surface of another plate by theapplication of two opposite firrent and pressure dies each havmg pla eworking faces of greater area than the wel ed spot, consisting insimultaneously forming upon the opposite surfaces thereof two currentand pressure localizing welding projections in line with one another andintegral with and projecting slightl above the general plane surface 0said p ate.

151. The herein described method of (pieparing a metal plate for thespot wel g of itssurface to the plane surface of another late by theapplication of two opposite (hrrent and pressure, dies each havmg aplane working face of greater area than the welded spot, consisting insimultaneously swaging upgti the opposite sur faces thereof two curre'and ressure localizing welding projections in ine with one another-andintegral with and pro'ecting slightly above the general plane sur ace 0said plate.

13. The herein described improvement in manufacturing composite metalwork in which two plates and an intermediate plate are welded togetherby spot-welding their opposing surfaces, consistm the intermediate platefor t we ding operation by subjecting it at any desired place or numberof places to aswaging action between a pair of cu pshaped and'alignedswaging dies to provide on said plate proem together at said proJectiOnsby tion betweena ed areas on.

m, roviding jections in its dpp osite surfaces respectively.

14 he method of manufacturing composite or fabricated metal work whereintwo plates are secured res ctively to opposite sides of an interm iateplate, conslstmg in forming on said intermediate plate irs ofweldinprojections of an' desired number and 1%cation on and inte gral withopposite sides thereof I'GSPGO' tively, the members alignment with oneanother, assembling the three plates in the desired fabricated relapairof welding dies and then welding the t ree plates together by theelectric resistance method. 4

: 15. The method of manufacturing composite or fabricated metal workwherein two plates are secured res ectively to 0pposite sides of aninterm ate plate, consisting in providing upon said intermediate plateone or more pairs of welding projections, the two members of each penrising respectively from the opposite thereof in alignment with oneanother, assembling the three plates in the desired fabricated relationbetween a pair of welding dies and then welding the three platestogether by the-electric resistance method.

16. The herein described improvement in method of manufacturin ofcomposite metal work in which mom rs are secured together by a weldformed on the surface of a plate constituting one of said members,consisting in providing said plate with a pair of swa e opposite suraces thereof in alignment with one another, and subjecting the members,when assembled,to pressure and current ap plied by a pair of weldingdies having a plane working face of a die embracing a greater area onthe engaged surface of a member than the welded spot.

Si ed at New York in the county of New orkand State of New York this15th day of February A. D. 1922;

s MAURICE LACHMAN LAURENCE S. LACHMAN.

EDWARD F ULDA. Witnesses:

F. B. TOWNSEND, GEORGE E. BROWN.

alignment with one another on of each pair being in surfaces projectionsswaged on the a

